UTI Specialist

What causes urinary tract infections?

UTIs are the second most common infection in the U.S., affecting more than 8 million people a year. They're most commonly caused by bacteria that enter the urinary tract, causing infection, irritation and inflammation. Less commonly, they can be caused by fungal or viral infections. Usually, the body's natural defense systems can remove these pathogens before they cause complications. But sometimes, especially if the population of germs is high, the natural defense system can be overwhelmed and an infection can occur. UTIs can occur anywhere in the urinary tract, and if left untreated, they can migrate to the kidneys and cause serious damage. Some people have recurrent infections. In men, recurrent infections can occur when bacteria hide in the prostate. Women, though, are far more likely to have recurring infections. A few people may have infections because of other medical conditions or defects in the structure of their urinary tract.

How can I tell if I have a urinary tract infection?

Most UTIs cause symptoms like:

• burning or pain when urinating

• difficulty urinating

• frequent – sometimes almost constant – urge to urinate

• inability to fully empty the bladder

• blood in the urine

• urine that appears cloudy or has a strong odor

• fever, muscle aches and abdominal pain

How are UTIs treated?

Most UTIS are effectively treated with a course of antibiotics, but when an underlying condition is present, other types of treatment may be needed, including surgery to correct structural defects.

Can I do anything to prevent UTIs?

Drinking lots of fluids is the best way to prevent a UTI by flushing germs out of your urinary tract. If you have a kidney problem, be sure to talk to you doctor about how much water you should drink to avoid overloading the kidneys.